Lanthan — La
Das chemische Element Lanthan ist ein Element vom Typ Metalllanthaniden mit dem Symbol La. Es hat eine Atommasse von 138.90547 u und die Elektronenkonfiguration [Xe] 5d1 6s2.
Synthétique
Radioactif
Liquide
Gaz
920°
3454°
3454°
138.90547
57
2
3
3
La
2
8
18
18
9
2
8
18
18
9
2
[Xe] 5d1 6s2
1.1
5.5769
Diagramm der Elektronenkonfiguration
Eigenschaften
- Ordnungszahl
- 57
- Atommasse
- 138.90547
- Symbol
- La
- Schmelzpunkt
- 920
- Siedepunkt
- 3454
- Dichte
- 6.145
- Periode
- 6
- Gruppe
- 3
- Entdeckung
- 1839 Mosander
- Häufigkeit
- 39
- Radius
- 2.7
- Elektronegativität
- 1.1
- Ionisierung
- 5.5769
- Isotop
- 19
- Elektronenkonfiguration
- [Xe] 5d1 6s2
- Oxidationsstufe
- 2,3
- Elektron
- 2,8,18,18,9,2
Lanthan ist ein chemisches Element, dessen Symbol La ist und die Ordnungszahl 57 hat. Sein Name kommt vom altgriechischen lanthan, was „bleibt unsichtbar“ bedeutet.
lanthan ist ein Übergangsmetall, das zur Gruppe 3 der Übergangsmetalle des Periodensystems gehört. Es ist ein gelbbraunes Metall, sehr duktil und formbar, mit einer durchschnittlichen Dichte von 6,162 g/cm3. Es ist bei Raumtemperatur an der Luft stabil und korrodiert langsam in Wasser und Säure.
lanthan hat schwache magnetische Eigenschaften und verbindet sich nur mit einem anderen Element, scandium. Es bildet eine Vielzahl von Verbindungen, darunter die häufigsten Sulfide, Salze und Oxide. Es wird häufig in Schutzkleidung, Glas und feuerfesten Materialien verwendet. Es wird auch in Metalllegierungen, Motoren, elektronischen Geräten, Lasern, Hitzeschilden und Lichtreflektoren verwendet.
lanthan ist eines der seltensten und teuersten Elemente im Periodensystem. Die meisten industriellen Anwendungen erfordern ein reines Metall, da das Vorhandensein von Verunreinigungen seine Eigenschaften und Haltbarkeit beeinträchtigen kann.
Mineralien mit Lanthan
| Vorname | Härte | Dichte | Chemische Formel |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agardite-(Ce) | — | 3.72 | Cu2+6Ce(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O |
| Agardite-(La) | — | 3.72 | Cu2+6La(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O |
| Agardite-(Nd) | — | 3.72 | Cu2+6Nd(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O |
| Allanite-(La) | — | 3.93 | CaLaAl2Fe2+(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Aluminocerite-(Ce) | — | 4.68 | (Ce,Ca)9Al(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3 |
| Ancylite-(La) | — | 3.88 | LaSr(CO3)2(OH)·H2O |
| Arapovite | — | 3.43 | (K1-xx)(Ca,Na)2U4+Si8O20 (x~0.5) |
| Arisite-(La) | — | 4.07 | NaLa2(CO3)2[(CO3)1-xF2x]F |
| Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) | — | 4.10 | CeAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| Arsenoflorencite-(La) | — | 4.10 | LaAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| Arsenoflorencite-(Nd) | — | 4.05 | NdAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| Astrocyanite-(Ce) | — | 3.80 | Cu2Ce2(UO2)(CO3)5(OH)2·1.5H2O |
| Bario-olgite | — | 4.00 | Na(Na,Sr,Ce)2Ba(PO4)2 |
| Bastnäsite-(La) | — | 4.95 | LaCO3F |
| Belovite-(La) | — | 4.19 | NaLaSr3(PO4)3F |
| Biraite-(Ce) | — | 4.76 | Ce2Fe2+Si2O7(CO3) |
| Braitschite-(Ce) | — | 2.90 | Ca6.15Na0.85Ce2[B6O7(OH)3(O,OH)3]4·H2O |
| Britholite-(Ce) | — | 4.20 | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH |
| Bussyite-(Ce) | — | 3.00 | (Na,H2O)6(Ce,REE)3Be5MnSi9(O,OH)30F4 |
| Byelorussite-(Ce) | — | 3.92 | NaBa2Ce2Mn2+Ti2Si8O26(F,OH)·H2O |
| Calcioburbankite | — | 3.45 | Na3(Ca,Ce,Sr,La)3(CO3)5 |
| Calciopetersite | — | 3.33 | Cu2+6Ca(PO4)2(PO3OH)(OH)6·3H2O |
| Calkinsite-(Ce) | — | 3.27 | Ce2(CO3)3·4H2O |
| Carbocernaite | — | 3.53 | (Sr,Ce,La)(Ca,Na)(CO3)2 |
| Carbokentbrooksite | — | 3.14 | (Na)12(Na,Ce)3Ca6Mn3Zr3NbSi25O73(OH)3(CO3)·H2O |
| Cerite-(Ce) | — | 4.86 | (Ce,La,Ca)9(Mg,Fe3+)(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3 |
| Cerite-(La) | — | 4.70 | (La,Ce,Ca)9(Fe3+,Ca,Mg)(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3 |
| Cervandonite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | (Ce,Nd,La)(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Al)3O2(Si2O7)1-x+y(AsO3)1+x-y(OH)3x-3y, x=0.5, y=0.3 |
| Chernovite-(Y) | — | 4.87 | YAsO4 |
| Chevkinite-(Ce) | — | 4.50 | Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2 |
| Christofschäferite-(Ce) | — | 4.00 | (Ce,La,Ca)4Mn(Ti,Fe)3(Fe,Ti)(Si2O7)2O8 |
| Chukhrovite-(Nd) | — | 2.42 | Ca3NdAl2SO4F13·12H2O |
| Cordylite-(Ce) | — | 4.44 | (Na,Ca)BaCe2(CO3)4(F,O) |
| Cordylite-(La) | — | 4.33 | NaCaBa2La3Sr(CO3)8F2 |
| Coskrenite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | Ce2(SO4)2(C2O4)·8H2O |
| Crichtonite | — | 4.46 | Sr(Mn,Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 |
| Daqingshanite-(Ce) | — | 3.81 | Sr3CePO4(CO3)3 |
| Davidite-(Ce) | — | 4.42 | Ce(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 |
| Davidite-(La) | — | 4.42 | La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 |
| Decrespignyite-(Y) | — | 3.64 | Y4Cu(CO3)4Cl(OH)5·2H2O |
| Dingdaohengite-(Ce) | — | 4.83 | (Ce3+,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2Si4O22 |
| Dissakisite-(La) | — | 3.79 | CaLaMgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Diversilite-(Ce) | — | 3.68 | Na2Ba6Ce2Fe2+Ti3Si12O36(OH)10·nH2O |
| Dyrnaesite-(La) | — | 3.68 | Na8Ce4+(La,REE)2(PO4)6 |
| Feklichevite | — | 2.87 | Na11Ca9(Fe3+,Fe2+)2Zr3Nb(Si25O73)(OH,H2O,Cl,O)5 |
| Fergusonite-(Ce) | — | 5.48 | CeNbO4·0.3H2O |
| Ferriakasakaite-(La) | — | 0.00 | CaLaFe3+AlMn2+(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Ferriallanite-(La) | — | 4.21 | CaLaFe3+AlFe2+(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH) |
| Ferriandrosite-(La) | — | 0.00 | MnLaFe3+AlMn2+(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Ferronordite-(La) | — | 3.54 | Na3SrLaFe2+Si6O17 |
| Florencite-(La) | — | 3.52 | LaAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fluocerite-(Ce) | — | 6.13 | CeF3 |
| Fluocerite-(La) | — | 5.93 | LaF3 |
| Fluorbritholite-(Ce) | — | 4.66 | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| Fluorcalciobritholite | — | 4.20 | (Ca,REE)5(SiO4,PO4)3F |
| Gadolinite-(Ce) | — | 4.20 | Fe2+Be2Ce2(SiO4)2O2 |
| Galgenbergite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | CaCe2(CO3)4·H2O |
| Gatelite-(Ce) | — | 4.51 | (Ca,Ce)4(Al,Mg,Fe)4(Si2O7)(SiO4)3(O,F,OH)3 |
| Golyshevite | — | 2.89 | Na10Ca9Zr3Fe2SiNb(Si3O9)2(Si9O27)2(OH)3(CO3)·H2O |
| Gramaccioliite-(Y) | — | 4.66 | (Pb,Sr)(Y,Mn)Fe3+2(Ti,Fe3+)18O38 |
| Graulichite-(Ce) | — | 3.90 | CeFe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| Gysinite-(Nd) | — | 4.82 | PbNd(CO3)2(OH)·H2O |
| Håleniusite-(La) | — | 6.50 | LaOF |
| Hibonite | — | 3.84 | (Ca,Ce)(Al,Ti,Mg)12O19 |
| Hingganite-(Ce) | — | 4.28 | BeCe(SiO4)(OH) |
| Hingganite-(Y) | — | 0.00 | BeY(SiO4)(OH) |
| Hydroxylbastnäsite-(La) | — | 4.70 | LaCO3(OH) |
| Ikranite | — | 2.82 | (Na,H3O)15(Ca,Mn,REE)6Fe3+2Zr3Si24O66(O,OH)6Cl·nH2O |
| Ilímaussite-(Ce) | — | 3.60 | (Ba,Na)10K3Na4.5Ce5(Nb,Ti)6O6(Si12O36)(Si9O18)(O,OH)24 |
| Ilmajokite | — | 2.20 | (Na,Ce,Ba)10Ti5Si14O22(OH)44·nH2O |
| Iraqite-(La) | — | 3.27 | KCa4(La,Ce,Th)2Si16O40 |
| Isolueshite | — | 4.72 | NaNbO3 |
| Johnsenite-(Ce) | — | 3.20 | Na12Ce3Ca6Mn3Zr3WSi25O73(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Karnasurtite-(Ce) | — | 2.89 | CeTiAlSi2O7(OH)4·3H2O |
| Kochite | — | 3.32 | Na(Na,Ca)2Ca2(Mn,Ca)ZrTi(Si2O7)2(F,O)4 |
| Kozoite-(La) | — | 4.16 | LaCO3(OH) |
| Kozoite-(Nd) | — | 4.77 | NdCO3(OH) |
| Kuannersuite-(Ce) | — | 4.66 | Na2Ce2Ba6(PO4)6FCl |
| Kukharenkoite-(La) | — | 4.65 | Ba2La(CO3)3F |
| Lakargiite | — | 4.59 | CaZrO3 |
| Lanthanite-(Ce) | — | 2.76 | Ce2(CO3)3·8H2O |
| Lanthanite-(La) | — | 2.61 | La2(CO3)3·8H2O |
| Lanthanite-(Nd) | — | 2.81 | Nd2(CO3)3·8H2O |
| Levinsonite-(Y) | — | 2.18 | YAl(SO4)2(C2O4)·12H2O |
| Loparite-(Ce) | — | 4.77 | (Na,Ce,Sr)(Ce,Th)(Ti,Nb)2O6 |
| Loveringite | — | 4.41 | (Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)18O38 |
| Manganiandrosite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | Mn2+Ce3+AlMn3+Mn2+(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Manganiandrosite-(La) | — | 4.21 | LaMn2+2Mn3+Al(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Melanocerite-(Ce) | — | 4.13 | Ce5(SiO4,BO4)3(OH,O) |
| Menezesite | — | 4.18 | Ba3MgZr4Nb12O42·12H2O |
| Mogovidite | — | 2.90 | Na9(Ca,Na)12Fe2Zr3Si25O72(CO3)(OH)4 |
| Monazite-(Ce) | — | 4.80 | CePO4 |
| Monazite-(La) | — | 4.80 | LaPO4 |
| Monazite-(Nd) | — | 4.80 | NdPO4 |
| Nacareniobsite-(Ce) | — | 3.45 | Na3Ca3CeNb(Si2O7)2OF3 |
| Nordite-(Ce) | — | 6.43 | Na3SrCeZnSi6O17 |
| Nordite-(La) | — | 3.43 | Na3SrLaZnSi6O17 |
| Orthojoaquinite-(La) | — | 4.10 | NaBa2La2Fe2+Ti2Si8O26(OH,O,F)·H2O |
| Paratooite-(La) | — | 0.00 | (La,Ca,Na,Sr)6Cu(CO3)8 |
| Parisite-(Ce) | — | 4.36 | CaCe2(CO3)3F2 |
| Parisite-(La) | — | 0.00 | CaLa2(CO3)3F2 |
| Parisite-(Nd) | — | 4.20 | CaNd2(CO3)3F2 |
| Peprossiite-(Ce) | — | 3.45 | (Ce,La)(Al3O)2/3B4O10 |
| Percleveite-(Ce) | — | 5.21 | Ce2Si2O7 |
| Perrierite-(Ce) | — | 4.29 | Ce4MgFe3+2Ti4+2O8(Si2O7)2 |
| Perrierite-(La) | — | 0.00 | (La,Ce,Ca)4(Fe2+,Mn)(Ti,Fe3+,Al)4(Si2O7)2O8 |
| Petersenite-(Ce) | — | 3.69 | Na4Ce2(CO3)5 |
| Piergorite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | Ca8Ce2AlLiSi6B8O36(OH)2 |
| Plumboagardite | — | 3.74 | Cu2+6(Pb,La,Nd,Ce,Ca)(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O |
| Polyakovite-(Ce) | — | 4.75 | (Ce,Ca)4MgCr2(Ti,Nb)2Si4O22 |
| Qaqarssukite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | BaCe(CO3)2F |
| Rémondite-(Ce) | — | 3.43 | Na3(Ce,La,Ca,Na,Sr)3(CO3)5 |
| Rémondite-(La) | — | 3.50 | Na3(La,Ce,Ca)3(CO3)5 |
| Retzian-(La) | — | 4.49 | Mn2+2LaAsO4(OH)4 |
| Retzian-(Nd) | — | 4.45 | Mn2+2Nd(AsO4)(OH)4 |
| Rhabdophane-(Ce) | — | 4.00 | CePO4·H2O |
| Rhabdophane-(La) | — | 3.94 | LaPO4·H2O |
| Rhabdophane-(Nd) | — | 4.00 | NdPO4·H2O |
| Röntgenite-(Ce) | — | 4.19 | Ca2Ce3(CO3)5F3 |
| Samarskite-(Yb) | — | 7.03 | YbNbO4 |
| Sazhinite-(La) | — | 0.00 | Na3LaSi6O15·2H2O |
| Stavelotite-(La) | — | 4.49 | La3Mn2+3Cu2+(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
| Stillwellite-(Ce) | — | 4.57 | CeBSiO5 |
| Strontiochevkinite | — | 5.44 | (Sr,Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Zr)4O8(Si2O7)2 |
| Törnebohmite-(Ce) | — | 4.90 | Ce2Al(SiO4)2(OH) |
| Törnebohmite-(La) | — | 4.94 | La2Al(SiO4)2(OH) |
| Tritomite-(Ce) | — | 4.20 | Ce5(SiO4,BO4)3(OH,O) |
| Tritomite-(Y) | — | 3.05 | Y5(SiO4,BO4)3(O,OH,F) |
| Tundrite-(Ce) | — | 4.08 | Na2Ce2TiO2SiO4(CO3)2 |
| Tundrite-(Nd) | — | 3.70 | Na2Nd2TiO2(SiO4)(CO3)2 |
| Uedaite-(Ce) | — | 4.19 | Mn2+CeAl2Fe2+(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Vanadoallanite-(La) | — | 0.00 | CaLa3+V3+AlFe2+(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Vanadoandrosite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | Mn2+CeV3+AlMn2+O(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH) |
| Västmanlandite-(Ce) | — | 4.51 | Ce3CaMg2Al2Si5O19(OH)2F |
| Vicanite-(Ce) | — | 4.73 | (Ca,Ce,La,Th)15As5+(As3+,Na)0.5Fe3+0.7Si6B4(O,F)47 |
| Vitusite-(Ce) | — | 3.60 | Na3Ce(PO4)2 |
| Voronkovite | — | 2.97 | Na15(Na,Ca,Ce)3(Mn,Ca)3Fe3Zr3Si26O72(OH,O)4Cl·H2O |
| Wakefieldite-(La) | — | 4.70 | LaVO4 |
| Zhonghuacerite-(Ce) | — | 4.20 | Ba2Ce(CO3)3F |
| Zugshunstite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | CeAl(SO4)2(C2O4)·12H2O |