Nickel — Ni
Das chemische Element Nickel ist ein Element vom Typ Übergangsmetall mit dem Symbol Ni. Es hat eine Atommasse von 58.6934 u und die Elektronenkonfiguration [Ar] 3d8 4s2.
Synthétique
Radioactif
Liquide
Gaz
1453°
2732°
2732°
58.6934
28
-1
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Ni
2
8
16
2
8
16
2
[Ar] 3d8 4s2
1.91
7.6398
Diagramm der Elektronenkonfiguration
Eigenschaften
- Ordnungszahl
- 28
- Atommasse
- 58.6934
- Symbol
- Ni
- Schmelzpunkt
- 1453
- Siedepunkt
- 2732
- Dichte
- 8.912
- Periode
- 4
- Gruppe
- 10
- Entdeckung
- 1751 Cronstedt
- Häufigkeit
- 84
- Radius
- 1.6
- Elektronegativität
- 1.91
- Ionisierung
- 7.6398
- Isotop
- 11
- Elektronenkonfiguration
- [Ar] 3d8 4s2
- Oxidationsstufe
- -1,1,2,3,4
- Elektron
- 2,8,16,2
Nickel ist ein metallisches chemisches Element mit dem Symbol Ni und der Ordnungszahl 28. Es befindet sich in Gruppe 10 der Übergangsmetalle im Periodensystem der Elemente. Es ist das fünfthäufigste Element in der Erdkruste. nickel ist ein silbrig-weißes Metall mit kubischer Kristallstruktur. Es ist weich und dehnbar bei Raumtemperatur und sehr dehnbar, wenn es heiß ist. Es kann in bestimmte Formen gestanzt, gedehnt und geformt werden.
nickel hat eine Härte von 5 bis 6 auf der Mohs-Skala und einen Schmelzpunkt von 1453 °C. Es ist ein magnetisches Metall. nickel verbindet sich leicht mit anderen Elementen und bildet Legierungen, insbesondere Edelstahl- und Aluminiumlegierungen sowie Legierungen, die kobalt und chrom enthalten.
nickel wird in vielen industriellen Anwendungen verwendet, einschließlich Mechanik, Elektronik und Metallurgie. Es wird oft verwendet, um Metalle zu galvanisieren und Korrosion zu verhindern. Es ist auch in der Automobil-, Luftfahrt- und Stahlindustrie weit verbreitet und wird in Autoteilen, Gasturbinen und Flugmotoren verwendet. nickel wird auch in Produkten wie Küchenwerkzeugen und Öfen sowie in der Schmuckindustrie verwendet.
Mineralien mit Nickel
| Vorname | Härte | Dichte | Chemische Formel |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abelsonite | — | 1.45 | NiC31H32N4 |
| Aerugite | — | 5.85 | Ni8.5(AsO4)2As5+O8 |
| Ahlfeldite | — | 3.37 | NiSeO3·2H2O |
| Akaganeite | — | 3.00 | (Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25·nH2O |
| Allabogdanite | — | 7.11 | (Fe,Ni)2P |
| Alvanite | — | 2.41 | (Zn,Ni)Al4(VO3)2(OH)12·2H2O |
| Andreyivanovite | — | 0.00 | FeCrP |
| Ankinovichite | — | 2.48 | NiAl4(V5+O3)2(OH)12·2H2O |
| Annabergite | — | 3.00 | Ni3(AsO4)2·8H2O |
| Antitaenite | — | 0.00 | (Ni,Fe) |
| Aplowite | — | 2.33 | CoSO4·4H2O |
| Argentopentlandite | — | 4.00 | Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8 |
| Arhbarite | — | 0.00 | Cu2MgAsO4(OH)3 |
| Arsenohauchecornite | — | 6.35 | Ni18Bi3AsS16 |
| Arupite | — | 2.00 | Ni3(PO4)2·8H2O |
| Asbolane | — | 0.00 | Mn4+(O,OH)2·(Co,Ni,Mg,Ca)x(OH)2x·nH2O |
| Awaruite | — | 8.00 | Ni3Fe |
| Barringerite | — | 6.92 | (Fe,Ni)2P |
| Bismutohauchecornite | — | 6.00 | Ni9Bi2S8 |
| Bonaccordite | — | 5.17 | Ni2Fe3+O2(BO3) |
| Bottinoite | — | 2.83 | Ni2+Sb5+2(OH)12·6H2O |
| Bouazzerite | — | 2.81 | Bi6(Mg,Co)11Fe14(AsO4)18O12(OH)4·86H2O |
| Braggite | — | 10.00 | PtS |
| Breithauptite | — | 8.23 | NiSb |
| Brindleyite | — | 3.17 | (Ni,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4 |
| Bunsenite | — | 6.40 | NiO |
| Burgessite | — | 2.93 | Co2(H2O)4(AsO3OH)2·H2O |
| Butianite | — | 0.00 | Ni6SnS2 |
| Campo del Cielo | — | 7.80 | FeNi |
| Carrboydite | — | 2.50 | (Ni1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2·nH2O (x<0.5, n>3x/2) |
| Carrollite | — | 4.50 | CuCo2S4 |
| Cassidyite | — | 3.10 | Ca2Ni(PO4)2·2H2O |
| Chukanovite | — | 3.60 | Fe2CO3(OH)2 |
| Clinosafflorite | — | 7.46 | CoAs2 |
| Cobaltlotharmeyerite | — | 0.00 | CaCo2(AsO4)2·2H2O |
| Cobaltneustädtelite | — | 5.81 | Bi2Fe3+(Co,Fe3+)(AsO4)2(O,OH)4 |
| Cobalttsumcorite | — | 5.31 | PbCo2(AsO4)2·2H2O |
| Cochromite | — | 5.22 | CoCr2O4 |
| Cohenite | — | 7.20 | Fe3C |
| Comblainite | — | 3.05 | Ni4Co3+2CO3(OH)12·3H2O |
| Cooperite | — | 9.50 | PtS |
| Decagonite | — | 0.00 | Al71Ni24Fe5 |
| Dienerite | — | 0.00 | Ni3As |
| Dissakisite-(La) | — | 3.79 | CaLaMgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Djerfisherite | — | 3.00 | K6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl |
| Donharrisite | — | 5.00 | Ni8Hg3S9 |
| Droninoite | — | 2.86 | Ni3Fe3+Cl(OH)8·2H2O |
| Dwornikite | — | 3.34 | NiSO4·H2O |
| Dymkovite | — | 0.00 | Ni(UO2)2(As3+O3)2·7H2O |
| Ernienickelite | — | 3.84 | NiMn4+3O7·3H2O |
| Falcondoite | — | 2.54 | Ni4Si6O15(OH)2·6H2O |
| Ferhodsite | — | 0.00 | (Fe,Rh,Ni,Ir,Cu,Pt)9S8 |
| Ferrohögbomite-2N2S | — | 0.00 | (Fe,Mg,Zn,Al)3(Al,Ti,Fe)8O15(OH) |
| Ferronickelplatinum | — | 15.39 | Pt2FeNi |
| Ferroskutterudite | — | 0.00 | FeAs3 |
| Fletcherite | — | 4.00 | CuNi2S4 |
| Florenskyite | — | 0.00 | FeTiP |
| Garnièrite | — | 2.60 | (Ni, Mg)3Si2O5(OH)4 |
| Garutiite | — | 11.33 | (Ni,Fe,Ir) |
| Gaspéite | — | 3.71 | NiCO3 |
| Gersdorffite-P213 | — | 0.00 | NiAsS |
| Gersdorffite-Pa3 | — | 5.98 | NiAsS |
| Gersdorffite-Pca21 | — | 6.19 | NiAsS |
| Gillardite | — | 0.00 | Cu3NiCl2(OH)6 |
| Glaukosphaerite | — | 3.78 | CuNiCO3(OH)2 |
| Godlevskite | — | 5.27 | (Ni,Fe)9S8 |
| Goldquarryite | — | 2.78 | CuCd2Al3(PO4)4F3·10H2O |
| Guarinoite | — | 2.80 | Zn6SO4(OH)10·5H2O |
| Haapalaite | — | 3.58 | 2[(Fe,Ni)S]·1.61[(Mg,Fe)(OH)2] |
| Halamishite | — | 0.00 | Ni5P4 |
| Hapkeite | — | 0.00 | Fe2Si |
| Hauchecornite | — | 6.36 | Ni9BiSbS8 |
| Haxonite | — | 7.70 | (Fe,Ni)23C6 |
| Heazlewoodite | — | 5.82 | Ni3S2 |
| Hellyerite | — | 1.97 | NiCO3·6H2O |
| Hexamolybdenum | — | 11.90 | (Mo,Ru,Fe,Ir,Os) |
| Hexatestibiopanickelite | — | 8.94 | (Ni,Pd)(Te,Sb) |
| Hloušekite | — | 3.30 | (Ni,Co)Cu4(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2·9H2O |
| Honessite | — | 0.00 | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(SO4)x/2(OH)2·nH2O (x < 0.5, n < 3x/2) |
| Honzaite | — | 0.00 | Ni2(AsO3OH)2·5H2O |
| Horomanite | — | 6.44 | Fe6Ni3S8 |
| Hydrohonessite | — | 2.64 | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(SO4)x/2(OH)2·nH2O (x < 0.5, n > 3x/2) |
| Hydrombobomkulite | — | 0.00 | (Ni,Cu)Al4(NO3)2(SO4)(OH)12·14H2O |
| Jamborite | — | 2.67 | Ni2+1-xCo3+x(OH)2-x(SO4)x·nH2O where [x=1/3; n=(1-x)] |
| Jolliffeite | — | 7.10 | NiAsSe |
| Kambaldaite | — | 3.18 | NaNi4(CO3)3(OH)3·3H2O |
| Karpinskite | — | 2.53 | (Mg,Ni)2Si2O5(OH)2(?) |
| Keystoneite | — | 4.40 | H0.8Mg0.8(Ni,Fe3+,Mn)2(Te4+O3)3·5H2O |
| Kharaelakhite | — | 7.78 | (Cu,Pt,Pb,Fe,Ni)9S8 |
| Kitkaite | — | 7.19 | NiTeSe |
| Kolovratite | — | 0.00 | (Ni,Zn)xVO4·nH2O |
| Krutovite | — | 7.00 | NiAs2 |
| Kullerudite | — | 6.72 | NiSe2 |
| Kurumsakite | — | 4.03 | Zn8Al8V5+2Si5O35·27H2O |
| Langisite | — | 8.17 | CoAs |
| Lapieite | — | 4.97 | CuNiSbS3 |
| Lawrencite | — | 3.16 | FeCl2 |
| Liebenbergite | — | 4.60 | Ni2SiO4 |
| Mackinawite | — | 4.00 | (Fe,Ni)1+xS (x = 0-0.07) |
| Majakite | — | 9.33 | PdNiAs |
| Mäkinenite | — | 7.00 | NiSe |
| Maucherite | — | 7.83 | Ni11As8 |
| Mbobomkulite | — | 2.30 | (Ni,Cu)Al4(NO3,SO4)2(OH)12·3H2O |
| Melliniite | — | 7.88 | (Ni,Fe)4P |
| Melonite | — | 7.30 | NiTe2 |
| Menshikovite | — | 10.65 | Pd3Ni2As3 |
| Metarauchite | — | 3.81 | Ni(UO2)2(AsO4)2·8H2O |
| Millerite | — | 5.50 | NiS |
| Monipite | — | 0.00 | MoNiP |
| Moorhouseite | — | 1.97 | CoSO4·6H2O |
| Morenosite | — | 2.00 | NiSO4·7H2O |
| Mountkeithite | — | 2.12 | Mg11Fe3+3(SO4)3.5(OH)24·11H2O |
| Mückeite | — | 5.88 | CuNiBiS3 |
| Nakauriite | — | 2.39 | Cu8(SO4)4(CO3)(OH)6·48H2O |
| Negevite | — | 0.00 | NiP2 |
| Népouite | — | 2.50 | Ni3Si2O5(OH)4 |
| Nichromite | — | 5.24 | NiCr2O4 |
| Nickel | — | 7.80 | Ni |
| Nickelalumite | — | 2.24 | (Ni,Cu2+)Al4(SO4,NO3)(OH)12·3H2O |
| Nickelaustinite | — | 4.30 | CaNiAsO4(OH) |
| Nickelbischofite | — | 1.93 | NiCl2·6H2O |
| Nickelblödite | — | 2.43 | Na2Ni(SO4)2·4H2O |
| Nickelboussingaultite | — | 0.00 | (NH4)2Ni(SO4)2·6H2O |
| Nickelhexahydrite | — | 2.07 | NiSO4·6H2O |
| Nickeline | — | 7.78 | NiAs |
| Nickellotharmeyerite | — | 4.45 | CaNi2(AsO4)2·2H2O |
| Nickelphosphide | — | 0.00 | Ni3P |
| Nickelpicromerite | — | 2.22 | K2Ni(SO4)2·6H2O |
| Nickelschneebergite | — | 5.23 | BiNi2(AsO4)2(OH)·H2O |
| Nickelskutterudite | — | 6.50 | NiAs3-x |
| Nickeltalmessite | — | 3.74 | Ca2Ni(AsO4)2·2H2O |
| Nickeltsumcorite | — | 5.02 | Pb(Ni,Fe3+)2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 |
| Nickelzippeite | — | 4.30 | Ni2(UO2)6(SO4)3(OH)10·16H2O |
| Nimite | — | 3.19 | (Ni,Mg,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8 |
| Nisbite | — | 8.00 | NiSb2 |
| Nisnite | — | 9.41 | Ni3Sn |
| Nullaginite | — | 3.56 | Ni2CO3(OH)2 |
| Nuwaite | — | 0.00 | Ni6GeS2 |
| Nybøite | — | 3.12 | NaNa2(Mg3Al2)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2 |
| Omsite | — | 3.38 | (Ni,Cu)2Fe3+(OH)6[Sb(OH)6] |
| Orcelite | — | 7.50 | Ni5-xAs2 (x=0.23) |
| Oregonite | — | 6.92 | FeNi2As2 |
| Otwayite | — | 3.41 | Ni2CO3(OH)2·H2O |
| Owensite | — | 4.78 | (Ba,Pb)6(Cu1+,Fe,Ni)25S27 |
| Paganoite | — | 0.00 | NiBi3+OAsO4 |
| Pakhomovskyite | — | 2.71 | Co3(PO4)2·8H2O |
| Paraotwayite | — | 3.30 | Ni(OH)2-x(SO4,CO3)0.5x |
| Pararammelsbergite | — | 7.20 | NiAs2 |
| Paratacamite-(Ni) | — | 3.74 | Cu3(Ni,Cu)Cl2(OH)6 |
| Parkerite | — | 8.50 | Ni3(Bi,Pb)2S2 |
| Pecoraite | — | 3.84 | Ni3Si2O5(OH)4 |
| Penroseite | — | 6.58 | NiSe2 |
| Pentlandite | — | 4.60 | (Ni,Fe)9S8 |
| Perryite | — | 7.00 | (Ni,Fe)8(Si,P)3 |
| Petewilliamsite | — | 4.90 | (Ni,Co)30(As2O7)15 |
| Polydymite | — | 4.50 | Ni3S4 |
| Rammelsbergite | — | 7.10 | NiAs2 |
| Rappoldite | — | 0.00 | PbCo2(AsO4)2·2H2O |
| Rauchite | — | 3.43 | Ni(UO2)2(AsO4)2·10H2O |
| Redingtonite | — | 1.76 | Fe2+Cr2(SO4)4·22H2O |
| Reevesite | — | 2.80 | Ni6Fe3+2CO3(OH)16·4H2O |
| Retgersite | — | 2.07 | NiSO4·6H2O |
| Roaldite | — | 7.21 | (Fe,Ni)4N |
| Ruthenarsenite | — | 10.00 | (Ru,Ni)As |
| Samaniite | — | 4.89 | Cu2Fe5Ni2S8 |
| Scheuchzerite | — | 3.47 | NaMn2+9Si9V5+O28(OH)4 |
| Schneebergite | — | 5.28 | BiCo2(AsO4)2(OH)·H2O |
| Schreibersite | — | 7.00 | (Fe,Ni,Cr)3P |
| Sederholmite | — | 7.00 | NiSe |
| Seinäjokite | — | 0.00 | FeSb2 |
| Shandite | — | 8.72 | Pb2Ni3S2 |
| Siegenite | — | 4.50 | CoNi2S4 |
| Skutterudite | — | 6.50 | (Co,Ni,Fe)As3 |
| Smythite | — | 4.32 | (Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x = 0 to 0.3) |
| Sudburyite | — | 9.00 | PdSb |
| Suessite | — | 7.08 | Fe3Si |
| Sugakiite | — | 0.00 | Cu(Fe,Ni)8S8 |
| Szymanskiite | — | 4.00 | Hg16Ni6(CO3)12(OH)12(H3O)8·3H2O |
| Taenite | — | 7.80 | (Ni,Fe) |
| Takovite | — | 2.80 | Ni6Al2CO3(OH)16·4H2O |
| Talnakhite | — | 4.29 | Cu9Fe8S16 |
| Tellurohauchecornite | — | 6.00 | Ni9BiTeS8 |
| Tetrataenite | — | 8.28 | FeNi |
| Thalfenisite | — | 5.26 | Tl6(Fe,Ni)25S26Cl |
| Theophrastite | — | 4.00 | Ni(OH)2 |
| Thérèsemagnanite | — | 2.52 | NaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl·6H2O |
| Transjordanite | — | 0.00 | Ni2P |
| Trevorite | — | 5.17 | NiFe3+2O4 |
| Trüstedtite | — | 6.00 | Ni3Se4 |
| Tucekite | — | 6.00 | Ni9Sb2S8 |
| Tyrrellite | — | 6.00 | (Co,Cu,Ni)3Se4 |
| Ullmannite | — | 6.65 | NiSbS |
| Vaesite | — | 4.45 | NiS2 |
| Vavrínite | — | 7.79 | Ni2SbTe2 |
| Villamanínite | — | 4.52 | CuS2 |
| Violarite | — | 4.50 | Fe2+Ni3+2S4 |
| Vozhminite | — | 6.20 | Ni4AsS2 |
| Vysotskite | — | 6.69 | (Pd,Ni)S |
| Westerveldite | — | 8.00 | FeAs |
| Widgiemoolthalite | — | 3.13 | Ni5(CO3)4(OH)2·4-5H2O |
| Wilkmanite | — | 6.00 | Ni3Se4 |
| Willemseite | — | 3.31 | Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Willyamite | — | 6.76 | CoSbS |
| Wupatkiite | — | 1.87 | CoAl2(SO4)4·22H2O |
| Xanthiosite | — | 5.37 | Ni3(AsO4)2 |
| Yarlongite | — | 7.19 | Cr4Fe4NiC4 |
| Zaccariniite | — | 0.00 | RhNiAs |
| Zaratite | — | 2.60 | Ni3CO3(OH)4·4H2O |
| Zlatogorite | — | 8.21 | CuNiSb2 |